首页 Stm32单片机串口4的收发程序

Stm32单片机串口4的收发程序

上传者： 43540192 | 上传时间： 2025-09-12 23:02:05 | 文件大小： 4.06MB | 文件类型： ZIP
STM32单片机是基于ARM Cortex-M内核的微控制器，被广泛应用在各种嵌入式系统中。本文将详细讲解STM32单片机如何实现串口4（USART4）的收发程序，以及如何在STM32F103ZET6这款芯片上进行配置和使用。 我们需要理解串口通信的基本概念。串口通信是一种异步通信方式，通过数据位、起始位、停止位和校验位来传输信息。在STM32中，串口通信通常通过通用同步/异步收发器（USART）来实现，USART4便是其中之一。 STM32F103ZET6是一款高性能的微控制器，具备多个串口接口，包括USART4。为了使用串口4，我们需要进行以下步骤： 1. **配置时钟**：在STM32中，每个外设都需要一个独立的时钟源。因此，我们需要开启串口4所需的时钟，这通常在RCC（复用功能重映射和时钟控制）寄存器中完成。 2. **GPIO配置**：USART4的数据传输依赖于特定的GPIO引脚。例如，TX（发送）和RX（接收）通常连接到PA0和PA1。我们需要将这些GPIO引脚配置为推挽输出和浮空输入，并设置相应的速度等级。 3. **USART初始化**：在`stm32f10x_usart.h`和`stm32f10x_usart.c`的库文件中，我们能找到配置USART4的函数。我们需要设置波特率、数据位数、停止位、奇偶校验等参数，然后通过`USART_Init()`函数初始化USART4。 4. **中断配置**：为了实时响应串口数据的接收和发送，我们可以启用相关的中断。例如，启用USART4的接收中断（USART_IT_RXNE）和发送中断（USART_IT_TC）。 5. **启动通信**：初始化完成后，通过调用`USART_Cmd(ENABLE)`使能USART4，开始收发数据。 6. **收发函数**：使用`USART_SendData()`发送数据，当接收中断触发时，可以处理接收到的数据。通常在中断服务函数中，我们使用`USART_ReceiveData()`获取数据。 7. **移植性**：这个程序使用了标准库，这意味着它具有良好的可移植性。只要目标STM32单片机支持USART4并配置好相应的GPIO和时钟，该程序就可以在其他型号的单片机上运行。 在项目文件中，`keilkill.bat`可能是一个用于清理Keil MDK工程的批处理文件，`User`目录可能包含了用户自定义的代码，`Output`存放编译生成的可执行文件或中间文件，`Doc`可能包含项目文档，`Libraries`是STM32的库文件，`Listing`存储汇编或预编译后的代码，`Project`则是Keil MDK的工程文件。 在实际应用中，可能还需要考虑到串口通信的错误处理、流量控制等因素。同时，调试过程中，使用串口终端工具如PUTTY或STM32CubeMonitor-Serial进行数据交互和查看，能帮助我们更好地理解程序的运行状态。通过以上步骤，你可以构建并理解STM32F103ZET6上的串口4通信程序，将其移植到其他STM32型号也大同小异。

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