STM32F1使用FSMC驱动LCD屏幕(兼容ST7796S,ST7789V,ILI9341芯片)实验包含,显示测试,刷屏帧率计算(FSMC+DMA刷屏速度对比)

上传者: m0_52357613 | 上传时间: 2025-08-19 11:32:42 | 文件大小: 15.77MB | 文件类型: RAR
在嵌入式系统开发领域,STM32F1系列微控制器因其高性能和丰富功能被广泛应用于各种产品设计中。本实验聚焦于如何使用STM32F1系列中的FSMC(Flexible Static Memory Controller)外设,来驱动LCD屏幕,以实现图形显示。实验的目标芯片包括ST7796S、ST7789V和ILI9341,这些均为常用的液晶显示控制器。本实验的主要内容涵盖显示测试和刷屏帧率计算,并通过FSMC+DMA(Direct Memory Access)方式对比刷屏速度,评估不同驱动方式的性能。 FSMC是一种灵活的静态存储控制器,它允许STM32F1系列微控制器直接与外部存储设备进行通信。FSMC支持多种类型的存储器,如SRAM、PSRAM、NOR Flash和LCD显示器等。在本实验中,FSMC被用来作为与LCD屏幕通信的接口,它负责发送控制命令和图像数据到LCD屏幕。 ST7796S、ST7789V和ILI9341都是常用的TFT液晶显示控制器,它们具有相似的接口和工作原理,因此可以在本实验中兼容使用。ST7796S和ST7789V是专为小尺寸屏幕设计的控制器,常用于便携设备;而ILI9341则支持更大尺寸的显示屏,具有更高的分辨率和颜色显示能力。将这些控制器作为实验对象,可以让我们学习如何通过FSMC来驱动不同尺寸和分辨率的屏幕。 实验中,显示测试是不可或缺的一个环节,它涉及到基本图形的显示,如线条、矩形、圆和基本字符等。这不仅帮助验证FSMC与LCD之间的通信是否正常,也为后续的帧率测试提供了测试图案。 帧率测试是在显示测试的基础上进行的,目的是计算屏幕刷新的速度。帧率通常以每秒刷新的帧数(FPS)来衡量,是衡量显示屏性能的重要指标之一。在此实验中,通过FSMC驱动LCD屏幕,测量不使用DMA和使用DMA两种情况下屏幕刷新的帧率,以了解DMA在提高数据传输效率方面的优势。 DMA是一种允许外设直接访问内存的技术,无需CPU介入。在使用FSMC进行大量数据传输到LCD屏幕时,如果使用DMA,则可以大幅度减轻CPU的负担,提高数据传输的效率,从而提升屏幕的刷新速度。在实验中,通过对比使用DMA和不使用DMA两种情况下的帧率,可以看到显著的性能差异。 整个实验的关键点在于正确配置STM32F1的FSMC外设和定时器,以及DMA控制器。FSMC需要被配置为支持所连接的LCD控制器的接口类型和时序参数,定时器则用于产生精确的时间基准,而DMA则需要正确设置以完成内存和外设之间的高效数据传输。 在实验的根据测试结果得出FSMC+DMA刷屏速度相较于单独使用FSMC的性能提升,并对不同LCD控制器的性能进行评估,从而为后续的项目选择合适的LCD控制器和驱动方式提供数据支持。 本实验是一项深入探究STM32F1系列微控制器在图形显示领域应用的实践。通过FSMC的使用,学习如何实现与多种LCD控制器的通信,并通过实验对比DMA与非DMA模式下屏幕刷新速度的差异,理解DMA技术在提高数据传输效率方面的优势。这些知识和技能不仅能够增强工程师对STM32F1系列微控制器的理解,也为未来在嵌入式系统设计中遇到的图形显示需求提供了实际的解决方案。

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