首页 2015年1：100万全国基础地理信息数据

2015年1：100万全国基础地理信息数据

上传者： 46458188 | 上传时间： 2025-12-23 17:33:21 | 文件大小： 188.1MB | 文件类型： ZIP
标题中的“2015年1：100万全国基础地理信息数据”是指一份2015年制作的、比例尺为1：100万的中国全境的基础地理信息数据集。在地理信息系统（GIS）领域，这种数据通常包含了大量的地理特征，如国家边界、省级行政区划、河流、湖泊、山脉、道路、城市等信息，用于分析、规划、决策支持等各种用途。 描述部分简单重申了这个数据集的属性，即2015年发布且比例尺为1：100万，这意味着地图上的1单位长度代表实际地面上的100万相同单位长度，这使得这种数据适合大范围的概览分析，而不是精细到特定地点的详细分析。 标签提到了“shp文件”，这是ESRI公司的ArcGIS软件所使用的空间数据格式，Shapefile（.shp）是一种常见的地理空间数据存储格式。它包含了地理对象（如点、线、多边形）的空间位置以及相关的属性信息。Shapefile由多个相关文件组成，包括.shp（几何数据）、.dbf（属性数据）、.shx（索引数据）等，这些文件通常一起使用来完整表示一个地理要素层。 从压缩包子文件的文件名称列表来看，只有一个文件名“2015年 1：100万全国基础地理信息数据”，可以推测这可能是一个压缩包，其中包含了多个与上述描述相符的地理信息数据文件，如.shp、.dbf、.shx等。 使用这样的数据集，用户可以进行以下操作： 1. 地理可视化：通过GIS软件将数据加载并展示，以便直观地理解全国的地理格局。 2. 分析：进行空间统计，比如计算距离、面积、人口密度等。 3. 查询：根据特定条件搜索地理特征，例如找出所有人口超过百万的城市。 4. 综合分析：结合其他数据源，如气候、经济数据，进行多因素分析。 5. 决策支持：在城市规划、交通管理、环境保护等领域提供依据。 6. 教育与研究：在教学或科研项目中，用作案例或背景数据。 值得注意的是，处理这种大规模的地理信息数据需要相应的硬件资源和GIS专业知识，包括理解空间参考系统、数据结构以及如何在GIS软件中进行数据导入、处理和导出等操作。同时，由于涉及敏感的地理信息，使用者必须遵守相关法律法规，确保数据的安全和合规使用。

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