计算机导论复习知识点.doc

第一章　概述 1. 计算机的发展 从1946年第一台电子计算机ENIAC问世至今已经历了五代的发展历史。 第一台计算机ENIAC诞生于1946年，是电子管计算机；第二代是晶体管计算机；第三代是 中小规模集成电路；第四代是大规模集成电路； " 1945 1955 1965 1975 80年代以后 " "划分标准 "第一代 "第二代 "第三代 "第四代 "第五代 " "逻辑元件 "电子管 "晶体管 "LSI "VLSI " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "人 " " " " " " "工 " " " " " " "智 " " " " " " "能 " " " " " " "计 " " " " " " "算 " " " " " " "机 " "主存储品 "汞延迟线 "磁芯 "磁芯半导体 "半导体 " " "辅存 "磁带、磁鼓 "磁带、磁盘 "磁带、磁盘 "磁带、磁盘 " " "运算速度( "0.5—4 "几十--几百 "１百--几百 "几百--几万 " " "万次/秒) " " " " " " "机型 "冯.诺依曼机"同前 "同前 "同前 " " " "型 " " "