首页 开发技术 C# 使用SOCKET实现TCP-IP协议的通讯最好的DEMO源码

使用SOCKET实现TCP-IP协议的通讯最好的DEMO源码

上传者： pendy2008 | 上传时间： 2020-01-03 11:28:09 | 文件大小： 330KB | 文件类型： zip
首先要理解基本的原理，2台电脑间实现TCP通讯，首先要建立起连接，在这里要提到服务器端与客户端，两个的区别通俗讲就是主动与被动的关系，两个人对话，肯定是先有人先发起会话，要不然谁都不讲，谈什么话题，呵呵！一样，TCPIP下建立连接首先要有一个服务器，它是被动的，它只能等待别人跟它建立连接，自己不会去主动连接，那客户端如何去连接它呢，这里提到2个东西，IP地址和端口号，通俗来讲就是你去拜访某人，知道了他的地址是一号大街2号楼，这个是IP地址，那么1号楼这么多门牌号怎么区分，嗯！门牌号就是端口（这里提到一点，我们访问网页的时候也是IP地址和端口号，IE默认的端口号是80），一个服务器可以接受多个客户端的连接，但是一个客户端只能连接一台服务器，在连接后，服务器自动划分内存区域以分配各个客户端的通讯，那么，那么多的客户端服务器如何区分，你可能会说，根据IP么，不是很完整，很简单的例子，你一台计算机开3个QQ，服务器怎么区分？所以准确的说是IP和端口号，但是客户端的端口号不是由你自己定的，是由计算机自动分配的，要不然就出现端口冲突了，说的这么多，看下面的这张图就简单明了了。 在上面这张图中，你可以理解为程序A和程序B是2个SOCKET程序，服务器端程序A设置端口为81，已接受到3个客户端的连接，计算机C开了2个程序，分别连接到E和D，而他的端口是计算机自动分配的，连接到E的端口为789，连接到D的为790。 了解了TCPIP通讯的基本结构后，接下来讲解建立的流程，首先声明一下我用的开发环境是Visual Studio2008版的，语言C#，组件System.Net.Sockets，流程的建立包括服务器端的建立和客户端的建立，如图所示： 二、实现： 1.客户端： 第一步，要创建一个客户端对象TcpClient(命名空间在System.Net.Sockets)，接着，调用对象下的方法BeginConnect进行尝试连接，入口参数有4个，address(目标IP地址)，port(目标端口号)，requestCallback(连接成功后的返调函数)，state(传递参数，是一个对象，随便什么都行，我建议是将TcpClient自己传递过去)，调用完毕这个函数，系统将进行尝试连接服务器。 第二步，在第一步讲过一个入口参数requestCallback(连接成功后的返调函数)，比如我们定义一个函数void Connected(IAsyncResult result),在连接服务器成功后，系统会调用此函数，在函数里，我们要获取到系统分配的数据流传输对象(NetworkStream)，这个对象是用来处理客户端与服务器端数据传输的，此对象由TcpClient获得，在第一步讲过入口参数state，如果我们传递了TcpClient进去，那么，在函数里我们可以根据入口参数state获得，将其进行强制转换TcpClient tcpclt = (TcpClient)result.AsyncState，接着获取数据流传输对象NetworkStream ns = tcpclt.GetStream()，此对象我建议弄成全局变量，以便于其他函数调用，接着我们将挂起数据接收等待，调用ns下的方法BeginRead，入口参数有5个，buff(数据缓冲)，offset(缓冲起始序号)，size(缓冲长度)，callback(接收到数据后的返调函数)，state(传递参数，一样，随便什么都可以，建议将buff传递过去)，调用完毕函数后，就可以进行数据接收等待了，在这里因为已经创建了NetworkStream对象，所以也可以进行向服务器发送数据的操作了，调用ns下的方法Write就可以向服务器发送数据了，入口参数3个，buff(数据缓冲)，offset(缓冲起始序号)，size(缓冲长度)。 第三步，在第二步讲过调用了BeginRead函数时的一个入口参数callback(接收到数据后的返调函数)，比如我们定义了一个函数void DataRec(IAsyncResult result)，在服务器向客户端发送数据后，系统会调用此函数，在函数里我们要获得数据流(byte数组)，在上一步讲解BeginRead函数的时候还有一个入口参数state，如果我们传递了buff进去，那么，在这里我们要强制转换成byte[]类型byte[] data= (byte[])result.AsyncState，转换完毕后，我们还要获取缓冲区的大小int length = ns.EndRead(result)，ns为上一步创建的NetworkStream全局对象，接着我们就可以对数据进行处理了，如果获取的length为0表示客户

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评论信息

  • sanqima :
    代码写的很基础，值得一看。
    2018-11-28
  • YJRong :
    Socket报文和端口测试工具的开发
    2018-11-26

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