数据库面试资料,面试经常问

上传者: lixiaotianx | 上传时间: 2023-02-25 17:32:16 | 文件大小: 7.16MB | 文件类型: 7Z
1.索引 是什么?   1.MySQL官方对索引的定义为:索引是帮助MySQL高效获取数据的数据结构。 或者说我的理解:数据本身之外,数据库还维护着一个满足特定查找算法的数据结 构,这些数据结构以某种方式指向数据,这样就可以在这些数据结构的基础上实现高级 查找算法,这种数据结构就是索引。 2.索引的本质:索引是数据结构。可简单理解为“排好序的快速查找数据结构”   3.索引存储:一般来说索引本身也很大,不可能全部存储在内存中,因此索引往往以索 引文件的形式存储在磁盘上   4.索引分类:我们平常所说的索引,如果没有特别指明,都是B+树结构组织的索引。其 中聚集索引、次要索引、覆盖索引、复合索引、前缀索引、唯一索引默认都是使用B+树索 引,统称索引。当然,除了B+树之外,还有哈希索引。

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