A type system is a syntactic method for enforcing levels of abstraction in programs. The study of type systems--and of programming languages from a type-theoretic perspective--has important applications in software engineering, language design, high-performance compilers, and security. This text provides a comprehensive introduction both to type systems in computer science and to the basic theory of programming languages. The approach is pragmatic and operational; each new concept is motivated by programming examples and the more theoretical sections are driven by the needs of implementations. Each chapter is accompanied by numerous exercises and solutions, as well as a running implementation. Dependencies between chapters are explicitly identified, allowing readers to choose a variety of paths through the material. The core topics include the untyped lambda-calculus, simple type systems, type reconstruction, universal and existential polymorphism, subtyping, bounded quantification, recursive types, kinds, and type operators. Extended case studies develop a variety of approaches to modeling the features of object-oriented languages. (The full table of contents is available here.)

by Daniel P. Friedman, Mitchell Wand Hardcover: 416 pages Publisher: The MIT Press; 3 edition (April 30, 2008) ISBN-10: 0262062798 ISBN-13: 978-0262062794 This book provides students with a deep, working understanding of the essential concepts of programming languages. Most of these essentials relate to the semantics, or meaning, of program elements, and the text uses interpreters (short programs that directly analyze an abstract representation of the program text) to express the semantics of many essential language elements in a way that is both clear and executable.

Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation

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高清英文PDF版。 DSL领域的丰碑之作，软件开发“教父”Martin Fowler历时多年的心血结晶，ThoughtWorks中国翻译。 　　 全面详尽地讲解各种DSL及其构造方式，揭示与编程语言无关的通用原则和模式，阐释如何通过DSL有效提高开发人员的生产力以及增进与领域专家的有效沟通。 《领域特定语言》是dsl领域的丰碑之作，由世界级软件开发大师和软件开发“教父”martin fowler历时多年写作而成，thoughtworks中国翻译。全面详尽地讲解了各种dsl及其构造方式，揭示了与编程语言无关的通用原则和模式，阐释了如何通过dsl有效提高开发人员的生产力以及增进与领域专家的有效沟通，能为开发人员选择和使用dsl提供有效的决策依据和指导方法。 　　 全书共57章，分为六个部分：第一部分介绍了什么是dsl，dsl的用途，如何实现外部ds和内部dsl，如何生成代码，语言工作台的使用方法；第二部分介绍了各种dsl，分别讲述了语义模型、符号表、语境变量、构造型生成器、宏和通知的工作原理和使用场景；第三部分分别揭示分隔符指导翻译、语法指导翻译、bnf、易于正则表达式表的词法分析器、递归下降法词法分析器、解析器组合子、解析器生成器、树的构建、嵌入式语法翻译、内嵌解释器、外加代码等；第四部分介绍了表达式生成器、函数序列、嵌套函数、方法级联、对象范围、闭包、嵌套闭包、标注、解析数操作、类符号表、文本润色、字面量扩展的工作原理和使用场景；第五部分介绍了适应性模型、决策表、依赖网络、产生式规则系统、状态机等计算模型的工作原理和使用场景；第六部分介绍了基于转换器的代码生成、模板化的生成器、嵌入助手、基于模型的代码生成、无视模型的代码生成和代沟等内容。

此内容包括了三本书 Concepts of Programming Languages 11th EditionISBN-10 013394302X英文原版+新版+程序设计语言概念中文第十版。

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解压缩，就能得到PDF版本的最新版的这本书了，对自动机和形式语言还有计算理论作了较为不错的解读。

最新版，形式语言与自动机导论，第六版。英文原版计算机专业教材。

phpMyAdmin-2.9.1.1-all-languages.zip,配置php+mysql空间的所需的。